Which three lines of defense are needed for lightning protection of the power supply system?
For low-voltage power supply systems, surge-induced transient over-voltage (TVS) protection is best done in a graded protection manner. From the entrance of the power supply system (such as the building's main power distribution room), the absorption of surge energy is gradually carried out, and the transient overvoltage is suppressed in stages.
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First, it should be a large-capacity power surge protection device connected between each phase of the user's power supply system incoming line and the earth. General requirements This class of power protector has a maximum impact capacity of 100 kA/phase or more, and the required limit voltage should be less than 1500 volts. We call it CLASS I power surge protector. These power surge protection devices are designed to withstand high currents and high energy surge energy absorption due to lightning and induced lightning strikes. They can divert a large amount of inrush current to the earth. They only provide limited voltage (the maximum voltage appearing on the line when the inrush current flows through the SPD becomes the limiting voltage) for medium-level protection, because the CLASS I class of lightning arrester is mainly absorbed by large surge currents. They alone cannot completely protect the sensitive electrical equipment inside the power supply system.
Second, it should be a power surge protection device installed at a branch distribution equipment that supplies power to important or sensitive electrical equipment. These SPDs provide better absorption of residual surge energy that has passed through the user-powered inlet surge arrester and have excellent suppression of transient overvoltages. The power surge protection device used here requires a maximum impact capacity of 45 kA/phase or higher, and the required limit voltage should be less than 1200V. We call it CLASS II power surge protector. The general user power supply system can reach the second level of protection to meet the requirements for the operation of electrical equipment.
Third, a built-in power surge protector can be used in the internal power supply of the power consumer to achieve the goal of completely eliminating the transient transient overvoltage transients. The power surge protection device used here requires a maximum impact capacity of 20 kA/phase or lower, and the required limit voltage should be less than 1000V. For some particularly important or particularly sensitive electronic devices, it is necessary to have third-level protection. At the same time, it can also protect the power equipment from the transient overvoltage generated inside the system.
Article from: Surge protectors - Shenzhen Anxin Technology Co., Ltd.