Winter rapeseed should be cold and antifreeze

Recently, the temperature in Hunan has dropped sharply and officially entered the winter. The weather is cold, crops need to pay attention to antifreeze, especially when the temperature is lower than 0 °C, it is easy to cause frost and freezing to cause various damage to various crops. As the main planting area of ​​rapeseed, in order to reduce the adverse effects of low-temperature frost and freezing on rapeseed, in addition to the selection of cold-resistant and cold-tolerant varieties, timely sowing, and cultivation of strong seedlings, it is necessary to take necessary anti-freezing measures.

First, heavy application of wax fertilizer. Before wintering, apply organic manure such as manure, compost, ash manure, or human excrement in the rape row. Combine the cultivating and cultivating soil to apply the fertilizer to the root of the rapeseed. You can first topdress and then cultivate the roots to reduce the fertilizer loss.

Second, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Phosphorus can promote the development of rapeseed roots and enhance resistance; potassium can enhance the cold resistance, disease resistance and lodging resistance of rapeseed. The rapeseed seedling stage should be appropriately reduced to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, so as to avoid the plant being tender, watery and cold resistant.

Third, cultivating soil. The medium-cultivation and cultivation of rapeseed can make the soil loose and increase the soil temperature, and can directly protect the roots, which is beneficial to root growth and rooting prevention.

4. Irrigation or ashing to prevent freezing. Irrigation before freezing can reduce the temperature difference between day and night, improve the microclimate in the field, mitigate low temperature attacks, and prevent dry and dead seedlings. It is also possible to apply a thin layer of chaff ash or grass ash on the surface of rapeseed, which has a certain effect on preventing freezing damage.

Fifth, disease prevention and treatment of insects. In order to prevent and control rape aphids, cabbage caterpillars, and beetles, the rapeseed fields that are planted early and grow vigorously can be sprayed with paclobutrazol before wintering. Generally, 15% of paclobutrazol is applied per mu for 40 grams of water, and 40 kg of water is sprayed. Prevent the infectious effects of freezing damage.

6. The soil is warmed. The rapeseed field should be cultivated and loosened, the soil surface is relieved, the permeability is improved, and the temperature of the soil surface is enhanced. The sky is dry and cold, shallow, and the soil is wet and deep; the ground is dry before the rain, and the ground is wet after the rain; before the fertilization, the ploughing after fertilization is beneficial to increase the temperature.

Seven, timely removal of early morning and early flowers. In order to obtain high yield of rapeseed, the plants that have developed early flowering and early flowering should be picked up in time to inhibit the growth of the top growth, change the way of nutrient operation in the plant, and shift the center of nutrition distribution from the main stem to the lower branch to promote branch development. After picking the stalk, it is necessary to promptly apply the quick-acting fertilizer, promote branching, increase the fruiting part, and improve the yield and quality of rapeseed.