Jilin University Research Project won the National Natural Science Award

Abstract On January 8, the 2015 National Science and Technology Awards Conference was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. A large number of major scientific and technological achievements “lists” were announced. It is understood that 10 projects in Jilin Province have won the National Science and Technology Award. Among them, by Ji...
On January 8, the 2015 National Science and Technology Awards Conference was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, and a large number of major scientific and technological achievements “lists” were announced. It is understood that 10 projects in Jilin Province have won the National Science and Technology Award. Among them, the scientific research project “Sodium and Lithium Elemental and the Structure and Physical Properties of Binary Compounds under High Pressure”, which was completed by Jilin University, won the second prize of the 2015 National Natural Science Award.

(a) hP4 structure diagram of insulator sodium under high pressure; (b) differential charge density diagram of insulator sodium under high pressure, the valence electron of sodium is bound to the lattice gap by the coulomb repulsion of the core electron, unable to move freely, sodium Lost metal properties.

Metallic sodium has a metallic luster at 1.1 million atmospheres, becomes black at 1.3 million atmospheres, and becomes transparent at 2 million atmospheres. (The above picture is provided by the State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials of Jilin University)
Millions of atmospheric pressure is extremely high pressure on the surface of the earth, but it is probably more common for the interior of the Earth and the universe. The core content of the award-winning project is the systematic high-pressure phase transition research on the core scientific problem of metal-insulator transition under high-voltage extreme conditions. The study found the singular phenomenon of the transformation of metallic sodium into a transparent insulator under high pressure, and solved the structural mystery of the high-voltage semiconductor phase of metallic lithium, realizing the science of high-voltage metal-insulator transformation in the field of high-pressure phase transformation. Wish.
Ma Yuming, Distinguished Professor of Changjiang Scholars at Jilin University, winner of the National Outstanding Youth Fund, and project leader, said that the same material will have a brand new “unknown world” under different high pressure conditions, and once it becomes a new structure. Will have new features and properties.
"Many non-conductive materials that are well known today become conductors under high enough pressure. This basic law has been widely accepted and accepted. But after years of research, we have discovered an inverse phenomenon. Very conductive. A good metal nano can become a transparent insulator under high pressure, that is, from 'conducting' to 'non-conducting'. It can be said that this discovery provides an anti-traditional understanding of people's cognition."
In Ma Yingming's view, the universe and the interior of the Earth are in a state of high pressure. This study is of great significance for understanding the behavior of some substances under high pressure, especially for the study of the structure of stars and the interior of the Earth. “To understand the composition and structure of the stars and the interior of the Earth, high-pressure research must be carried out. From a scientific point of view, this discovery solves a major problem in the field of high-voltage extreme conditions physics research. The materials in the project are under high pressure conditions. All kinds of changes will also be a window for us to snoop on the structure of the universe."
It is understood that the project's core content of the project in the development process "Transparent dense sodium" (Chinese translation: transparent dense metal sodium) was published in 2009 in the international authoritative journal "Nature" (Nature), which is also Jilin University Since the founding of the school, the first paper published in the journal Nature.
In addition, the results were also selected in the 2009 China Basic Research Top Ten News and 2010 National “Eleventh Five-Year” Major Science and Technology Achievement Exhibition, which was cited by international peers as an example of new phenomena and new effects under high pressure, written in the 21st century in the United States. Summary report of the seminar on the needs and challenges of compression science. (Finish)

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