Analysis of related technologies in pre-embedded bolt engineering of steel-concrete facilities
When bolts are used individually, they may not meet the design requirements. If steel reinforcement is used instead, it can cause displacement during welding and also lead to overall movement of the steel frame during concrete pouring. This makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the pre-buried bolts, which could result in serious quality issues. After several discussions, the final construction plan was decided as follows: First, excavate the foundation soil, then construct the independent foundation and column of the frame. After partial backfilling, pour the equipment foundation concrete with a retarder added to reduce hydration heat. A two-shift work system will be implemented to allow for day-and-night construction. Slag Portland cement is used to further minimize heat generation. Once the equipment foundation is poured in one go, the bottom level of the bolt is pre-embedded at the correct height. To ensure strong construction joints, two-way steel bars are embedded in the concrete, with some parts left exposed for connection. A thick steel plate is welded to form a support platform, which is then firmly welded to the pre-embedded iron pieces. The top of the steel platform is set at the same elevation as the bottom of the equipment. Then, the main structure is built, followed by the installation of the safety net frame and crane. The crane lifts the equipment directly onto the steel platform. Using instruments like a theodolite and level gauge, the equipment is aligned and leveled before inserting the pre-embedded bolts into the equipment’s base holes. To enhance the anchoring of the bolts, they are welded to the bracket and re-leveled if needed. The formwork for the pre-embedded bolt area is designed to match the bolt part, and only the pre-embedded iron piece is reinforced to prevent any movement of the bracket. The concrete is mixed with a retarder and poured in layers, allowing for continuous casting without construction joints. Vibration and compaction are carried out thoroughly to ensure dense, solid concrete free from honeycombing. Once the concrete meets the required strength, the formwork is removed. Finally, the equipment is checked and positioned properly. Practical experience has shown that this direct embedding method for pre-uried equipment bolts is feasible and represents an innovative technique in large-scale equipment foundation construction and installation. It is a promising approach worth further promotion and application.
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