Guangdong golden lacquer wood carving
Chaozhou woodcarving, a traditional Chinese art form, originated in Chaozhou, Guangdong Province. However, as an artistic school, it also encompasses areas that were part of "Chaozhou Prefecture" during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Chaoan, Chaoyang, Puning, Raoping, Shantou, Huilai, Haifeng, Lufeng, and Xingxing. Additionally, it includes works from Ningmei County and Minnan regions. One of its most distinctive features is the gold-plated surface, which sets it apart from other woodcarving styles like Dongyang woodcarving. This unique technique has earned it the nickname “Golden Wood Carving.†The art of Chaozhou woodcarving is known for its intricate craftsmanship and use of gold leaf. It is said that the “golden lacquer wood carving†involves a special process where gold foil adheres to the wood while also acting as a protective layer against moisture and decay. There are two main types of enamel used in this craft: “black lacquer gold,†which uses black lacquer as a base before applying gold foil, and “colored gold,†often seen in architectural decorations with vibrant colors like green, purple, pink, and yellow, all finished with gold highlights to create a dazzling visual effect. The traditional techniques of Chaozhou woodcarving include intaglio (carving into the surface), embossing (raised designs), round carving (three-dimensional figures), and relief carving. These techniques are often used to depict classical themes such as plum blossoms, orchids, bamboo, and chrysanthemums. Embossed and round carvings frequently feature religious figures, mythical creatures, and animals like fish and shrimp. The “Tongdiao†technique, or multi-layered carving, is especially popular in architectural decoration, using fir wood for large-scale projects. Craftsmen focus on creating complex layers and dynamic forms, resulting in highly detailed and expressive works that reflect the southern carving style of being “multi-layered, clear, and exquisite.†With a history dating back to the Tang Dynasty, Chaozhou woodcarving reached its peak during the Qing Dynasty. The techniques evolved from single-layer hollow carving to multi-layered designs, and the compositions shifted from realistic contrast to a more balanced blend of real and imaginary elements, enhancing the depth and visual impact of the artwork. At this time, deep relief was commonly used, making the figures appear more vivid when viewed from a distance. The figure proportions were typically 5:1, giving a fuller and more dynamic appearance when viewed from above. Originally an architectural decorative art in ancient China, golden lacquer woodcarving spread southward and absorbed local artistic influences, eventually becoming a distinct genre. It has been used for centuries to embellish temple pillars, door frames, and furniture, creating a grand and solemn atmosphere. As a building decoration, it must be durable and resistant to aging, which led to the development of specific carving techniques. The wood used, such as eucalyptus, is hard and contains camphor, making it resistant to insects and decay. After carving, multiple layers of paint are applied, followed by gold leaf, ensuring long-lasting beauty and radiance even after years of exposure to the elements. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the government supported the golden lacquer woodcarving industry, leading to continuous innovation. Artisans incorporated techniques from other crafts like jade, stone, and bone carving, enriching their work with new subjects and artistic expressions. Today, Chaozhou woodcarving remains a symbol of cultural heritage, blending tradition with modern creativity.
Bench drill is a compact size of the pillar drill that is designed for drilling holes through materials including a range of woods, plastics and metals. They are suitable for smaller holes or work pieces and have moderate to high speeds. The dills always come with a belt driver that makes it possible to select different speed: High speed for wood and lower speed for metal. In order to suit different size of projects, the height and angle of bench is adjustable.
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